Diabetes is caused by inadequate secretion of insulin, secretion of defective insulin or when blood cells are unable to efficiently or properly use insulin. This last condition cause insulin resistance, hence, type 2 diabetes. The total lack of insulin is the main problem in type 1 diabetics. Another condition in type 2 diabetes is the sharp reduction in beta cells which further contributes to increased blood sugars. Glucose is a simple sugar commonly found in food. It provides energy to help body cells function properly. This glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream from the small intestines where carbohydrates are digested. Once in the bloodstream, glucose is taken to the body cells and utilized there. Insulin facilitates the absorption of glucose into the blood cells. Without it, the cells cannot absorb glucose and it becomes too much in the bloodstream. Insulin is a special hormone produced in the pancreas by beta cells. It facilitates the absorption of glucose into cells and regulates blood glucose levels. Blood glucose increases when you consume a meal. In response to this, more insulin is released into the blood by the pancreas to lower blood sugar levels by helping cells absorb glucose. Type 1 diabetes risk factors are not very well understood like type 2 risk factors.
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